October 16, 2023

Cannabis and Heart Health: Deciphering the Current Evidence

Heart health remains a primary concern globally, and with the rising acceptance of cannabis for both recreational and medicinal purposes, questions arise: How does cannabis impact the heart? Is it beneficial, neutral, or potentially harmful? Let’s dive into what current research tells us about cannabis and heart health.

The Heart and Cannabis: A Complex Interaction

The human body, equipped with its endocannabinoid system (ECS), interacts uniquely with cannabinoids from the cannabis plant, particularly THC (tetrahydrocannabinol) and CBD (cannabidiol). These interactions can produce a myriad of effects, some of which pertain directly to the cardiovascular system.

The Good, The Bad, and The Uncertain

1. Blood Pressure Fluctuations:
  • Short-term: Cannabis, especially strains high in THC, can cause a temporary increase in heart rate and blood pressure shortly after consumption.
  • Long-term: Some studies suggest that with chronic use, there might be a potential reduction in blood pressure, but evidence remains inconclusive.
2. Arrhythmias:

Limited studies have shown a potential association between cannabis use and irregular heart rhythms. However, causality remains to be firmly established.

3. Blood Vessel Function:

CBD has shown potential in improving blood vessel function and promoting vasodilation, which can be beneficial for maintaining optimal blood flow.

4. Heart Attack and Stroke Risks:

Research has indicated a potential elevated risk of heart attack and stroke shortly after cannabis use, particularly for those already at risk. However, long-term associations remain under study.

5. Cholesterol and Cannabis:

Current research is sparse, but some studies suggest cannabis might affect cholesterol levels, though the direction (increase or decrease) remains under debate.

Therapeutic Implications

While recreational cannabis use poses certain concerns, the medicinal realm offers potential benefits:

  • Anti-inflammatory Properties: Chronic inflammation is a known enemy of cardiovascular health. CBD, in particular, is renowned for its anti-inflammatory properties, which could have heart health implications.
  • Antioxidant Effects: Oxidative stress plays a role in heart disease. Both THC and CBD have antioxidant properties, potentially neutralizing harmful free radicals.

Key Studies and Findings

  • A 2017 study published in the Journal of Thoracic Disease found a potential relationship between cannabis use and increased risks of heart-related complications in younger individuals.
  • A 2019 review in The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology detailed the cardiovascular effects of cannabis, highlighting both its therapeutic potential and concerns, emphasizing the need for careful consideration in those with pre-existing heart conditions.

Wrapping Up

Cannabis’s relationship with heart health is intricate and multi-faceted. Current research presents a mosaic of potential benefits and risks. It’s crucial for individuals, especially those with existing heart conditions or risk factors, to be informed and cautious. As always, consulting with healthcare professionals is paramount when considering cannabis in the context of cardiovascular health.

Sources:

  • Jouanjus, E., Lapeyre‐Mestre, M., & Micallef, J. (2017). Cannabis use: signal of increasing risk of serious cardiovascular disorders. Journal of the American Heart Association, 6(4), e005844.
  • Stanley, C. P., Hind, W. H., & O’Sullivan, S. E. (2013). Is the cardiovascular system a therapeutic target for cannabidiol?. British journal of clinical pharmacology, 75(2), 313-322.